What sound indicates a heart murmur?

The familiar ‘lub-dub’ sound of the heartbeat is caused by the rhythmic closing of the heart valves as blood is pumped in and out of the chambers. A heart murmur is a whooshing, humming or rasping sound between the heartbeat sounds.

How do you draw a heart murmur chart?

For murmurs, chart where it occurs I the cardiac cycle, loudness, pitch, the location of the where it is heard the best, and other locations where it can be heard. Also record the general type of sound heard and if anything makes the sound change in any way.

How do you Auscultate a heart murmur?

The patient sits upright for auscultation of the back, then leans forward to aid auscultation of aortic and pulmonic diastolic murmurs or pericardial friction rub. Heart sounds are brief, transient sounds produced by valve opening and closure; they are divided into systolic and diastolic sounds.

What does S1 S2 S3 and S4 heart sounds represent?

The main normal heart sounds are the S1 and the S2 heart sound. The S3 can be normal, at times, but may be pathologic. A S4 heart sound is almost always pathologic. Heart sounds can be described by their intensity, pitch, location, quality and timing in the cardiac cycle.

What is the most common cause of a heart murmur?

In adults, abnormal murmurs are most often due to acquired heart valve problems. In children, abnormal murmurs are usually caused by structural problems of the heart (congenital heart defects). Common congenital defects that cause heart murmurs include: Holes in the heart.

What do heart murmurs feel like?

A typical heart murmur sounds like a whooshing noise. According to the American Heart Association, it usually feels like a very subtle extra pulse. Heart murmurs are common, especially among young children.

What is the most common systolic murmur?

Functional systolic ejection murmurs include pulmonic flow murmurs in patients with either normal or increased pulmonary artery or aortic flow. The most common functional systolic ejection murmur in adults is probably a variant of Still’s murmur, the so-called innocent murmur of childhood.

Where do you hear S1 and S2 best?

The intensity of S1 depends upon: the position of the AV valves at the onset of ventricular systole, the structure of the leaflets themselves, and the rate of pressure rise in the ventricle. Normally, S1 is louder than S2 at the apex, and softer than S2 at the base of the heart.

When do you listen to a heart murmur?

When listening to heart murmur sounds, note the timing within a cardiac cycle. Systolic murmurs are heard between S1 (first heart sound) and S2 (second heart sound).

Which is the best way to hear a diastolic murmur?

Apart from the 3rd and 4th heart sounds and the mid-diastolic murmur of Mitral Stenosis, all the other heart sounds are best heard with the diaphragm of your stethoscope. You should firmly press your “diaphragm” to chest wall whereas apply only light pressure when you are auscultating with the “bell” of your stethoscope.

How is the severity of a heart murmur graded?

Grading Murmurs Additionally, we should be able to grade murmur severity based on the auscultation of heart sounds. Heart murmur sounds are graded on a scale of 1-5 based on their intensity; as seen in the table below. What Does a Murmur Mean?

What are the different types of heart sounds?

Heart Sounds and Murmurs 1 Normal Heart Sounds. 2 First Heart Sounds. 3 Second Heart Sounds. 4 Extra Heart Sounds (S3 and S4). 5 Systolic Murmurs. 6 (more items)