What is case-control research design?
Case-Control study design is a type of observational study. In this design, participants are selected for the study based on their outcome status. Thus, some participants have the outcome of interest (referred to as cases), whereas others do not have the outcome of interest (referred to as controls).
What are the three distinct features of case-control study?
The case-control method has three distinct features: both exposure and outcome (disease) have occurred before the start of the study. the study proceeds backward from effect to cause; and. it uses a control or comparison group to support or refute an inference.
What are the characteristics of a case-control study?
A major characteristic of case-control studies is that data on potential risk factors are collected retrospectively and as a result may give rise to bias. This is a particular problem associated with case-control studies and therefore needs to be carefully considered during the design and conduct of the study.
What is the purpose of controls in case study designs?
A case-control study is designed to help determine if an exposure is associated with an outcome (i.e., disease or condition of interest). In theory, the case-control study can be described simply. First, identify the cases (a group known to have the outcome) and the controls (a group known to be free of the outcome).
What are the advantages of case control studies?
Advantages: They are efficient for rare diseases or diseases with a long latency period between exposure and disease manifestation. They are less costly and less time-consuming; they are advantageous when exposure data is expensive or hard to obtain.
What are the steps in conducting a case-control study?
Five steps in conducting a case-control study
- Define a study population (source of cases and controls)
- Define and select cases.
- Define and select controls.
- Measure exposure.
- Estimate disease risk associated with exposure.
- Confounding factors.
- Matching.
- Bias.
How do you conduct a case-control study?
What is a case-control study example?
For example, investigators conducted a case-control study to determine if there is an association between colon cancer and a high fat diet. Cases were all confirmed colon cancer cases in North Carolina in 2010. Controls were a sample of North Carolina residents without colon cancer. The odds ratio was 4.0.
What are the weaknesses of case-control studies?
The most commonly cited disadvantage in case-control studies is the potential for recall bias. Recall bias in a case-control study is the increased likelihood that those with the outcome will recall and report exposures compared to those without the outcome.
What are the advantages of a case control study?
What are the types of case control studies?
The two types of case-control studies are: Non-matched case-control study: this is the simplest form. Find a person with the disease and enroll them in the study. Then enroll a control and determine their exposure status. Matched case-control: Find a person with the disease and enroll them in the study.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of case control studies?
Advantages and Disadvantages of Case-Control Studies. Advantages: They are efficient for rare diseases or diseases with a long latency period between exposure and disease manifestation. They are less costly and less time-consuming; they are advantageous when exposure data is expensive or hard to obtain.
What is case control research design?
A case-control study is a research design used by researchers where the research begins with an outcome in order to comprehend the cause. Hence, this is a retrospective study.
What is a case in a case control study?
A case–control study (also known as case–referent study) is a type of observational study in which two existing groups differing in outcome are identified and compared on the basis of some supposed causal attribute.